Preheat the oven to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C).

Bring a large pot of slightly salted water to a boil and cook cauliflower until tender but firm to the bite, about 10 minutes. Drain.

Combine Cheddar cheese, cream, salt, and pepper in a large bowl. Arrange cauliflower in a casserole dish and cover with cheese mixture.

Bake in the preheated oven until cheese is bubbly and golden brown, about 25 minutes.